Types error occur in C Programming Language

                              Different Types Of Errors In C

Errors are mistake that we programmer often commit. Errors also called as bugscauses the program to either run unexpectedly ( shows unexpected result ) or prevent the execution of a program. As programmer we are prone to make mistakes. So we should keep in mind the following different types of errors in c which we might commit :

TYPES OF ERRORS

• Syntax Errors
• Semantic Errors
• Logical Errors
• Linker Errors
• Runtime Errors

SYNTAX ERROR IN C

Back To Types of Errors

• Syntax Errors are basicallycompiler errors or compile-time errors which occurs when we do not follow the grammar of the programming language. 
• It is detected when you compile the program by the compiler.

Syntax Errors occurs : 

• Due to missing semicolon ( ' ; '). It is used as an terminatingstatement. So when you forget to place a semicolon or use any other alternative then it causes syntax error. 

     #include<stdio.h>
     int main()
     {
       int a=10 // Syntax error as semicolon is missing
       int b=100 : // Syntax error as using ':' instead of ';'
       return 0;
     }
  

• It occurs when we use a variable which is not declared in program.

  #include<stdio.h>
  int main()
  {
     printf("Value of a : %d",a); // error as 'a' is not declared anywhere in program
     return 0;
  }

• Error Occurs due to missing and unmatched parenthesis.
  

    // Syntax Error as ')' parenthesis is missing
    void sum( 
  
    // Syntax Error as '}' parenthesis is missing
    void product()
    { statement
  
    // Syntax Error due to unmatched parenthesis
    void a{}
  

SEMANTIC ERROR IN C

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• Semantic errors occurs when the statement written in the program are not meaningful to the compiler.
• Semantic errors indicate an improper use of Java statements.
  Example : int a+b=c; // Semantic Error
  Correct one : int c=a+b;
  
  
  int a=+b; // Semantic Error
  Correct one : int a+=b; // Shorthand notation 

LOGICAL ERROR IN C

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• Logical errors are errors that shows unexpected results.
• It occurs when you write a program that works, but does not do what you intend it to do.
  Example : Suppose you want to find the factorial of a number but instead of multiplying number you end up adding it.
  

  #include<stdio.h>
   int main()
   {
     int i;
     int factorial=1;
     
     for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
       factorial=factorial+i; // Logical Error. Correct statement : factorial=factorial*i;
  
     return 0;
   }
  

  
  Though the program would work fine and would not show any syntax or run time error. But the output which you were expecting will not be shown.

LINKER ERROR IN C

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• Linker Errors are errors that occurs when we do notinclude header files for the predefined functions used in a program and when we misspell a standard c function.

  #include<stdio.h>
   int Main() // Linker error as 'main' is misspelled as 'Main'
   {
     printf("Hello : ");
     return 0;
   }
  

RUNTIME ERROR IN C

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• Run-time errors are errors that occurs during the execution of the program.
  Example : 
  
  • When we divide a number by zero.
  • When input data is not in the correct format.

  //Runtime error program in c
  #include<stdio.h>
   int main()
   {
     int a=10,b=0,result;
     int number;
  
     result=a/b; // Runtime error
     scanf("%d",&number); // Error occurs when you input some other character instead of 'numbers'
  
     return 0;
   }